HomeUse Cases › If Returns Are Only 8 Percent
Wealth Building

My plan assumes 12 percent. What actually happens if I only get 8?

No Sign-Up. No Paywall.

FREE TO USENO LOGIN REQUIREDUPDATED FY 2026–27
Corpus at the Lower Return
instead of the corpus your plan assumes

A plan built on one return number is not a plan, it is a forecast. This page runs your SIP at the return you hope for and the return you fear, and prices the difference in both rupees and years.

By Aditya GuptaAccounting & Finance EducatorLast reviewed August 22, 2026Source: AMFI industry data

The Assumption Nobody Stress Tests

Every SIP projection you have seen carries a return assumption, usually 12 percent, usually presented without a range. It is not a dishonest number; long-run Indian equity indices have delivered around that figure over multi-decade periods. It is simply a single draw from a wide distribution, and the plans built on it almost never ask what happens if the draw is lower.

The sensitivity is larger than intuition suggests because the shortfall compounds. A SIP running for twenty years at 10 percent rather than 12 does not end about 17 percent smaller in proportion to the rate; it ends roughly a quarter smaller, because every month of the shortfall is itself compounded for the remaining term. The longer the horizon, the wider the fan of outcomes.

The purpose of this model is not to predict which return you will get. It is to tell you, before you commit, how much of your goal depends on an assumption you cannot control, and which of the two available responses, investing more or waiting longer, closes the gap on terms you can live with.

Return Sensitivity Model

Corpus at the Lower Return
Corpus at Your Planned Return
Shortfall Against Your Target
SIP Needed at the Lower Return
Extra Years Needed Instead
Reached at the lower return: Short of target:
Adjust the inputs above.

How to Read the Stress Test

The percentage drop is the number worth internalising. Four points of annual return sounds like a third of a 12 percent expectation, but over twenty years it removes closer to 40 percent of the corpus, because the shortfall in every single month is itself denied the chance to compound for the remaining term. This asymmetry is why long-horizon plans deserve a lower assumption than short ones, not a higher one.

The two remedies are not equivalent in difficulty. Raising the SIP requires money you may not have; adding years requires time you may not have either, and the years are usually the more expensive of the two if the goal has a fixed date such as a retirement or an admission. Where the goal is flexible, extending the horizon is almost always the cheaper adjustment.

One thing this model deliberately does not do is tell you which return will occur. A smooth 8 percent and a jagged path averaging 12 percent produce different outcomes for a SIP even when the arithmetic mean matches, because contributions buy more units when prices are low. That effect works in the investor’s favour and is a reason not to be excessively pessimistic, but it is not large enough to rescue a plan that only works at the top of the range.

What Changes the Answer

The asset mix behind the assumption

A 12 percent expectation is defensible for a diversified equity portfolio over a long horizon. It is not defensible for a portfolio that is half debt, where a blended expectation closer to 9 or 10 percent is more honest. Set the assumption from the actual allocation rather than from the equity component alone.

How long the money stays invested

Return dispersion narrows with time. Over three years, equity outcomes range enormously. Over fifteen or twenty, the range of annualised outcomes has historically been much tighter. A short horizon deserves a much more conservative assumption than a long one, which is the opposite of how most plans are built.

Costs, which are certain when returns are not

A one percentage point difference in expense ratio between a direct and a regular plan is deducted every year regardless of what the market does. Over twenty years that alone can account for a large share of the gap this model attributes to returns.

Whether you keep contributing through the bad years

The single largest destroyer of long-run SIP outcomes is not a lower return, it is stopping. A SIP paused for two years during a drawdown misses precisely the units bought at the lowest prices, which is the mechanism that makes averaging work at all.

How We Calculated This

SIP invested at the start of each month, an annuity due
Return compounded monthly at a constant rate
No step-up in the SIP amount over the period
No exit load, expense ratio or tax deducted
Extra years computed at the same SIP and the lower return
Target treated as a nominal figure, not inflation adjusted

The Decision Framework

1
Plan on the lower number, celebrate the higher one
Build the commitment so that it works at a conservative return. If the market delivers more, you finish early, which is a problem no one minds having. A plan that only works at the optimistic figure has no margin at all.
2
Decide the remedy in advance
Write down now whether a shortfall will be met by raising the contribution or extending the horizon. Deciding in year eighteen, when the options have narrowed, is how goals get abandoned rather than adjusted.
3
Use a step-up instead of a flat SIP
Increasing the contribution by 5 to 10 percent a year tracks income growth, requires no separate decision each year, and covers most of the gap a lower return would otherwise create.
4
Take the costs you can control
The expense ratio, the plan type and the tax treatment are certain, and they compound exactly like returns do. Removing a percentage point of avoidable cost is worth more than any forecast, because it does not depend on being right.

Frequently Asked Questions

What return should I assume for an equity SIP?+
For a diversified equity portfolio over fifteen years or more, an assumption of 10 to 12 percent is defensible on Indian long-run data. For anything shorter, or for a portfolio with a meaningful debt component, the honest figure is lower. The safest approach is to plan at the bottom of your range and treat anything above it as a bonus.
Is 8 percent a realistic downside for equity?+
Over a twenty-year holding period it is a conservative rather than a catastrophic assumption for a diversified Indian equity portfolio. It is closer to a realistic central case for a balanced portfolio holding a substantial share of debt. Testing at 8 tells you whether your plan survives an ordinary disappointment, not a disaster.
Does a lower return hurt a SIP more than a lump sum?+
Proportionally it hurts a lump sum more, because the entire amount is exposed to the lower rate for the full term, while a SIP’s later contributions are exposed for less time. In absolute rupees the SIP loss is still large, and the shortfall against a fixed target is what matters for planning.
Should I switch funds if returns are below expectation?+
Only if the fund is underperforming its own benchmark and peer group consistently over three years or more. If the whole market has returned less than you hoped, switching funds changes nothing except your costs and your tax position. Distinguish a disappointing market from a disappointing manager before acting.
Is it better to raise the SIP or extend the timeline?+
It depends on whether the goal date is fixed. Retirement and a child’s admission have dates that do not move, so the contribution has to absorb the shortfall. A house purchase or a car often can move, and in those cases extending the horizon is far cheaper than finding more money every month.
Does rupee cost averaging protect me from a lower return?+
Partially. Buying more units when prices are low genuinely improves the outcome relative to investing the same total at the average price, and it is a real advantage of a SIP over a lump sum in a volatile market. It is not large enough to rescue a plan that only works at the top of your expected range.

Sources and Method References

  • AMFI — mutual fund industry data and category returns
  • SEBI — mutual fund categorisation and disclosure norms
  • NSE India — index history and long-run return series
Advertisement